Thrush
Thrush, characterised by an overgrowth of yeast, is a common condition that affects individuals irrespective of gender. Although not considered an STI, it can sometimes occur post-sexual activity.
Vaginal thrush is particularly common, impacting approximately 75% of women and individuals with uteruses at some stage. Despite causing discomfort, it does not pose significant health risks and responds well to treatment.
What causes thrush?
Thrush results from the overabundance of candida albicans yeast, typically controlled by the immune system. Factors such as recent antibiotic use, certain hygiene products, pregnancy, weakened immune function, or diabetes can heighten susceptibility. Additionally, minor irritations, like those during sexual activity, may precipitate thrush.
What are the symptoms?
Symptoms of thrush can include:
- itching and soreness around the entrance of the vagina
- a stinging sensation when you urinate
- vaginal discharge – usually thick and white, often described as being like cottage cheese
- pain during vaginal sex
You may also have more severe symptoms, such as:
- red and swollen vagina and vulva
- cracked skin around the entrance of your vagina, that may bleed
What are the long-term effects of thrush?
While thrush typically does not lead to serious health concerns, recurring episodes can cause distress and affect sexual relationships.
Seeking guidance from a sexual health clinic or GP is recommended if:
- it’s the first time you’ve had the symptoms
- you’re under 16 or over 60
- you’ve had thrush more than 4 times in 12 months
- you’re pregnant or breastfeeding
- you have a weakened immune system
What treatment is available?
Treatment for thrush is available over the counter or through healthcare providers. Adherence to treatment instructions is crucial for effective resolution, typically achieved within days to two weeks.
- Oral tablets or vaginal inserts are often prescribed based on symptom severity and recurrence.
- Anti-thrush creams can provide relief but should be used cautiously due to potential condom weakening.
